Introduction
Dr. Saqib Hayat is an Assistant Professor in Artificial Intelligence and Data Science at the National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences. He completed his PhD in Artificial Intelligence from Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Italy (2021–2025), developing an EEG-based methodological framework for analyzing multimodal physiological signals to decode cognitive and affective states. He then joined the European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Florence, Italy, as a postdoctoral researcher (June 2025 – May 2026), where he developed machine learning models to discriminate various meditative states, contributing to protocol design, EEG data acquisition, and classification-based analysis. Prior to his doctoral studies, he served as a Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science at the National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, CFD (2015–2021), and earlier worked as a Software Engineer at NetSol Technologies, Lahore, developing backend solutions for automobile leasing software. He received the PhD Scholarship for the 37th cycle at Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome. His research has been published in reputable journals and international conferences. His research interests include EEG-based cognitive and affective state decoding, machine learning for neurophysiological signal analysis, computer vision, and applications in neurofeedback and mental performance training.